So where did the golden ratio as universal beauty assessment tool fall short? The Golden Ratio is a Guide, I think many will agree with me that while she is indeed beautiful, she is not the most beautiful woman in the world. In 2012, 18 year old Florence Colgate was found to have facial proportions which fit the golden ratio best after a nationwide hunt in Britain.

You can also use golden ratio lengths, and rectangles to the same effect. One way is to overlay the Marquart beauty mask over your photograph. There are many methods to use the golden ratio. The Marquardt beauty mask uses pentagons and decagons to create an ideal face shape based on golden ratio proportions. Time and again, the golden ratio appears in works of art, architecture, design, and even music. These include ancient Greek mathematicians such as Pythagoras to Euclid, Renaissance artists like Leonardo Da Vinci, and more recent painters like Salvador Dali. Many of the greatest thinkers in history have studied the golden ratio extensively. Its seems as if nature had a way of creating phenomenon which is beautiful and aesthetically pleasing. The golden ratio is also known as the “divine proportion”, because it appears over and over again in natural phenomenon, such as on flower petals, a nautilus shell, and the opposing twists of pine cones. In the Fibonacci sequence, every number divided by the number before it approximates Փ. The golden ratio and the Fibonacci sequence (1,1,2,3,5,8,13…), where every number is the sum of the previous 2 numbers, are intimately related. It is often denoted by the Greek numeral “phi Փ”. The golden ratio is a special mathematical ratio, whereby the ratio of the larger value (a) to the shorter value (b) is equal to the ratio of the sum of the 2 values (a+b) to the larger vale (a).

Stephen Marquardt Phi (Golden ratio) mask formally refuted.How to derive the Golden Ratio mathematically.

Stephen Marquardt Phi mask application: how to compare shape.

Stephen Marquardt Phi (golden ratio) mask application: a methodological problem.

The big problem with Marquardt's mask is that it describes the outline of a masculinized white woman even though most people prefer above average femininity in the looks of women.Ī problem with Marquardt's Phi mask application as he suggests it be applied and its solution: Marquardt's mask has unusually long earlobes as a proportion of ear length. Marquardt's mask has a nasion placement below the optimal preferences of white North Americans. Marquardt's mask leans toward a Class II profile but people most optimally prefer a Class I profile. The following articles show that Marquardt's Phi mask is inconsistent with the optimal aesthetic preferences of white individuals: